AZOWAD ABRAR

 his article is written by an expert Product & Marketing Executive. He hopes that this article will be helpful for others. This article reflects his own view and expertise on Pricing Strategies In Rural Marketing. What This Article Will Cover? This article will cover how the business should price the rural market. The subpoints are: Factors To Consider Pricing Methods Factors To Consider: Regarding Trade Market: Pricing strategies play a pivotal role in determining the success of a product or service in the market. Several factors come into play when establishing an effective pricing model, each influencing the overall competitiveness and profitability of a business. One critical factor to consider is the optimum serving frequency, which refers to how frequently sales representatives should engage with retailers. This factor is influenced by the nature of the product, market demand, and the need for consistent communication. Striking the right balance ensures that retailers are...

Click To See The Tutorial   In This Video I have shown how to import Data From Excel Spreadsheet To Django Model. Don't import from csv files as they don't support multiple languages. As I am a Bangladeshi, I tried to implement this with csv but CSV doesn't support most of the languages of this world. So, it is better to use excel spreadsheet. I made this video as simple as possible. Hope this video is helpful.

Asset Transformation: Asset Transformation is turning something into asset and changing the shape of the asset. Most of the case loan is transformed into assets. Banks turn the deposits into loan. This action transform deposits which is a liability for banks into loan which is an asset for the bank. Asset transformation is often performed by banks, insurance companies and financial intermediaries.

[ Mock Test, Online Exam, Bangladesh, Commerce, Practice Exam, 2020] Click this link to Take Part in Online Mock Test. Soon, the HSC exam will commence. Before the real exam, it is essential for the students to take a mock exam. Here, you can take a mock test before HSC exam. Why mock test? Because it increases efficiency of the students. They don't find it difficult to answer in the real exam. Practice makes a man perfect only when he practices in the right way.  How can you answer the question?  Here is a box. First of all you read the question. Then pick the question you want to answer. Once you have written the answer of question, read it 3 times. Write it in a word file. Then format it into a pdf. After that upload the file. Finally click the submit button. It is very easy. Question: 1 What is deferred tax? Question: 2 What is asset transformation Question: 3 What is sinking fund? Question: 4 What is business? Questi...

In this article, I am going to write what Repo Rate is and how it affect inflation due to its change. What is Repo Rate? It is the rate at which the central bank gives credit to the commercial banks in form of securities. Increase in repo rate increases the interest rate and demand for credit reduction. When the central bank increases repo rate, commercial banks also have to increase interest rate. This will slow down the money flow. When the central bank decreases repo rate, commercial bank also can reduce the rate. This will increase money flow in the financial market. How Does Repo Rate Affect Inflation? Repo rate is a great tool to control money flow to the economy. Businesses take money from Banks, stock market and bond market. If loan is very cheap, aggressive loan distribution may take place. It will increase NPL. You can read my article what NPL is by clicking this link.  What is Non-Performing Loan - Meaning, Examples, Calculation .  When NPL rises the cost...

In this article, I am going to write what Repo Rate is and how it affect us due to its change. What is Repo Rate? It is the rate at which the central bank gives credit to the commercial banks in the form of securities. Increase in repo rate increases the interest rate and demand for credit reduction. When the central bank increases repo rate, commercial banks also have to increase interest rate. This will slow down the money flow. When the central bank decreases bank rate, commercial bank also can reduce the rate. This will increase money flow in the financial market. How does Repo Rate Affect Us? Repo rate is a great tool to control money flow to the economy. Businesses take money from Banks, stock market and bond market. If loan is very cheap, aggressive loan distribution may take place. It will increase NPL. You can read my article what NPL is by clicking this link. What is Non-Performing Loan - Meaning, Examples, Calculation . When NPL rises the cost of borrowing or the...

[ Keyword: Types of market. Physical Consumer, Business Market. Non-Physical Market. Financial Market. Definition of all types of market ] Macroeconomics define market differently from market. According to marketing market is the present buyer and potential buyers. Macro-economics says market is the place where two parties exchange goods and services for assets such as cash, land, inventories etc. Types of market: ( Definitions are at the bottom of this article ) Physical Consumer Market:  1. Food Retail  2. Retail Marketplace 3. Big-Box Store 4. Ad hoc Auction market  5. Flea Market:  6. Temporary Market: Physical Business Market: 1. Wholesale Market:  2. Market for intermediary goods: 3. Labour Market: 4. Ad hoc Market: 5. Trade Fairs: Non-Physical Market: 1. Media Market: 2. Internet Market: Financial Market: 1. Capital 2. Bond 3. Currency or Foreign Exchange  4. Money 5. Future 6. Predi...

[Keywords: What does it mean by credit terms? Definition. 2/10, n/30 in credit term. Credit terms 1/10, n/30 means that. What does it man by 2/10 EOM, n/30] Definition: Credit terms or terms of credit is the contract between sellers and buyers in which the timing and and payment amount is set which will be paid in the future . What does it mean by credit terms? The First part of credit term is the date and discount. 3/10, n/30 is the credit term. 3 is the rate of discount which means the first of the first part is the rate of discount. The second of the first part is the cash discount period. The first of the second part is the net amount of payment due and the second of the second part is number of the total credit period. So we can say that First of the first part ( Rate of discount ) / Second of the first part ( Cash discount period ),  First of the 2nd part ( Net amount ) / Second of the second part ( Total Credit Period or Time to pay total Money ) What does it mean ...

[ Keywords: What is GDP. GDP Formula. Income Method. Expenditure Method. Value Added Method. Nominal GDP. Real GDP.] Hi guys. Welcome to my article. In this article I am going to write about GDP formulas. The formula of GDP depends on various factors. The most important is about the types of economy of your country. There are three GDP formulas around the world. Read this full article the know about GDP. What is GDP? GDP is the economic value of total production of product and service created within a particular area or country within one year.  GDP Formula: There are three formulas for GDP. Income Method:  Well some people really confuse this method. For some the formula is Total National income + sale taxes + Depreciation + Net foreign Factor Income and for some the formula is Net domestic income + Indirect taxes + Depreciation - Subsidy. The second one is correct and the 1st one is completely incorrect. First let us talk about first formula. Wrong GDP Formula: ...

[ Keywords: Definition Financial Sector of the Economy. Definition of Real Sector of the economy. Branches of Economy. Sectors of Economy ] In economy there are two sector. One is Real Sector and the other is Financial Sector. In this article I will write about these topics broadly. I hope this article will be good enough for you. Topics to be covered: 1. Real Sector 2. Financial Sector 3. Branches of Real Sector Real Sector:  The real sector of an economy is the sectors that produce goods and services. For example: Yellow is one of the most popular brand in Bangladesh. It produces cloths. It is a part of real sector. Financial Sector/ Monetary sector:  Financial sector engages in taking the surplus money from one sector to another sector which has deficit of money. For example: A is a company which has earned $10000 in July. It spent $8000 as operating cost. After paying dividend Its balance stood at $1000. The company deposited $500 in a bank. It is the surplu...

[ CASH RESERVE RATIO, STATUARY RESERVE RATIO. Capital Adequacy Ratio Formula and Explanation. Senior Bond. Subordinated bond. Hybrid Capital] I don't like drama. So, let us dive into this topic specifically. CRR is Cash Reserve Ratio: Cash reserve is a reserve that has to be kept in central bank and the bank doesn't get any interest for depositing an amount of cash in the central bank. The central bank set the ratio on the amount of difference between demand deposit and term deposit. The main intention of CRR is to control the cash supply in economy by narrowing range of loan of banks.  SLR is Statuary Reserve Ratio: Statuary reserve is a reserve that has to be kept as government bond. The bank must purchase government bond to preserve the ability to pay the money whenever the depositor ask the bank to return his money. The bank get interest rate on this reserve.   Demand Deposits: A demand deposit is a deposit that is kept by the banks and have to pay back...

[ Keywords: NON-PERFORMING LOANS MEANING, HOW IS IT CALCULATED, NON-PERFORMING LOANS EXAMPLE ] The definition of Non-Performing Loan is different because this is not a theoretical issue, and the authority has the rights to determine which is a non-performing loan. In this article I will firstly discuss what is actually the non-performing loan generally. Non-Performing Loan Meaning: Non performing loan is the due amount of loan for a specific period defined by the central bank of a country. If the all of the due loan is paid, it becomes performing loan again.  How Non-Performing Loan is calculated? IMF consider a loan non-performing if the loan is due for more than 90 days. Of course if it is mentioned in the agreement that the borrower will start paying after two month then the countdown will start after two month. IMF has a definition. Every central bank have their own definition based on duration. Non-Performing Loans Example: Imagine, You have taken loan for 12 month o...

When I searched "Types of Currency" on Google, I saw the names of currencies and etc. But that was not what I was looking for. I wasn't looking for the term Dollar, TAKA or Rupi. I was just looking for how many types of currency exists on the world today. If you don't know the answer, this article is for you. Types of Currency: Fiat Money: Without intrinsic value (It doesn't have any metal layer) Representative Money: Very little intrinsic value (It has gold or silver certificate or layer on it) Commodity Money: Consist of objects that have their own value (( Such as gold and silver) Fiat Money:  This type of currency doesn't have any intrinsic value. What does that mean? What is intrinsic value? Well just remember that when a money has intrinsic value this means the money does have a certain amount of valuable metal such as gold or silver. So, Fiat money doesn't have any metal layer. This kind of money was found in Mongol Empire. The value ...

Due Diligence Checklist: 1. Evaluate The Total Market Share of The Industry: You must evaluate the total market share of the industry because it shows the maximum profitability of your business. For example: A region has 100 people. They need 100 Kg bread every month. The price of 100 Kg bread is $10000. So, no matter how many business exist; their total revenue will not cross $10000. 2. Evaluate The Future Potential of The Industry A region has 100 people but there will not be always 100 people. It may increase or decrease. If the population increase, this means more people will need bread. So, the total market share may increase in future. 3. Evaluate The Business Process of The Company Check how the business you are going to acquire runs. If there is any flaw in the business process, can you make it correct? If the answer is yes, you can acquire the company.  4. Evaluate The Quality of The Materials of The Company: If the company has quality materials, i...

Hi guys. In this article I am going to cover due diligence, what are the goals of due diligence, about their types and examples. I will be very specific to this topics and try to make you understand this term very easily. What is Due Diligence? Due diligence is an evaluation of a company often done during an acquisition, merger or before issuing IPO by considering some facts. Some people confuse Due Diligence with Audit. Both of the terms are not same. We are going to learn about it in this article. Audit vs Due Diligence: Some people mix the term Due Diligence with Audit but due diligence is more than that. Due diligence is very similar to audit but it is not audit. Due Diligence doesn't always have to follow accounting rules. You must follow accounting rules or GAAP for auditing. Goals of Due Diligence: To make sure that financial, business process and operational details to look right. To look for inconsistency in best practices of business op...

[ Keywords: Asset Transformation can be described as, Asset Transformation by Banks, Asset Transformation by Financial Intermediary, Transformation Examples ] Asset Transformation can be described as: Asset transformation can be described into two ways. One is the way of bank and another is in the way of financial intermediary. They are quite different from one another. But there is a common. Both of them means turning something into asset or changing the shape of asset. So, read this article to know about asset transformation clearly. (BY AA) What is asset transformation by banks? Asset transformation by bank is  turning liabilities (Deposits)   into assets (Loan). For Example: Bank accept deposit from individuals. The term of deposits can be different. Bank pool their entire investable deposit and make small pieces which will be offered to the borrower. Every pieces will consists of different amount of money, condition and time to repay. An...

Definition of Mode of Finance: Mode of finance is the way we finance a business. Introduction: Hi guys. This is Azowad Abrar. Today I am going to talk about Mode or Method of finance. I am studying Bachelor of Business Study. So, the information here will be a little bit of bookish but genuine. So let's start. Types, Definition and Comparison There are two modes or method of finance. One is direct finance and the other is indirect finance. Direct Finance:  Direct finance is one of the two method of financing in which the borrower borrow funds from financial market without any connection of the third party institutions. We can consider it as direct financing when you buy an asset that wasn't transformed by the third party. We will know what is asset transformation shortly.  When a person purchase a government bond from a broker who haven't transformed the bond yet, it will be a direct financing because there was no asset transformation. Indirect ...

The Nation's Interest is a part of Editorial of this website. This Section represents the view of ongoing economical events and problems of economy and how we should face them. 

[ Principles of Note Issue. Currency Principle. Banking Principle. Methods of Note Issue. Simple Deposit System. Fixed Fiduciary System. Minimum Reserve System. Comparison. Fixed Fiduciary System vs Maximum Fiduciary System. Full Reserve System Vs Fixed Fiduciary System. Which is the best method? Which is the worst method? ] The central bank issues currency on the basis of principles and methods. In this article I am going to write about the principles and methods of issuing notes by central banks. Principle of Note Issue: Central banks follow two principles for note issue. One is currency principles and the other is banking principle. In this section I am going to write about both of them. Currency Principle: According to this principle central bank must issue currency against gold reserve or any kinds of reserve. The condition of the reserve is that the central bank can easily convert the reserves into cash at the time of urgent need. This princi...

This article will be updated and expanded every week. This is neither an unfinished article and complete article. That is why the readers need to read this article after every week. Pronoun Pronoun English Pronoun French I Je We Nous You (Formal and Plural) Vous He Il She Elle They (Male or both Male and Female) Ils They (Only Female) Elles People or One On Ce livre (Masculine Singular) This Book Ce t auteur(Masculine Singular t will be added before vowel) This author ce tte lampe (Female Singular) This Lamp Do  you   prefer   this   shirt  or  that   shirt ? Ci and là is added after the noun to separate both of them Préférez - vous  cette  chemise -ci ou  cette   chemise -là? French Preposition and Conjunction: at/to = ...

[ Explanation and price demand relation of Substitution, Complementary, Normal, Inferior, Giffen goods.- Definition] I am not going to write about all of the types and even mention the name of types. I will just discuss about the above mentioned topics with definition and explanation. Substitution Goods: A good that can replace other good is the substitution good. For example: We can use powder milk or liquid milk with tea. (However, it is not good for health) So, powder milk is the substitution of liquid milk. How price changes the demand? If the price of powder milk increase and cross the liquid milk, the demand for liquid milk will eventually increase. Complementary Goods: A good that is an essential additional ingredient of a product is complementary goods. For Example: We use milk with tea. Milk is not a part of tea. But in order to create drinkable tea we mix milk with it. It is an essential but additional ingredient. So, milk is a complementary good...

We all struggle too hard to remember these names but we really don't need to know any of them. We can't apply them. All we need to know is the real application of three form of verbs. V 1 +ing, V ed and To+verb. We need to know the situation (That changes the meaning), senses (That express the purpose and the person who do the work) of these verbs. What we are going to learn after reading this article: What are the senses of these three forms? Difference between Ving and To+verb. About Bare Infinitive or infinitive without to. What are the senses of these three forms?  We use V 1 +ing and to+verb to express the active sense of verb or we can say that this form is used when the subject does his own job all by himself. To+verb is used also when we express any intention. V ed  is used when subject get things done by others or we can say that when we express passive sense of verb we use this form. So, there are three senses: active (both ving and to+verb) Intenti...

Azad born in 1971 is a strong man. In this sentence there are two verbs one is a finite verb and the other is a non-finite verb. I could have discussed the topic like discussed in books but thought that this might not be helpful because it is very impractical. So, I discussed this topic for practical solution in my own way. If you can't understand don't stop. Keep reading. If you still have problems after reading this article, please comment under this post. Definition of Finite and Non-Finite Verb: Finite Verb: Finite verb is the verb with which a sentence is completed. In another way we can say that a verb that is influenced by tense, number and person is finite verb. In a clause there can be only one finite verb and more than one non-finite verb. Non-Finite Verb: Non-finite verb is the verb with which a sentence can't be completed. In another way we can say that a verb that is not influenced by tense, number and person is non-finite verb. How to Identify...

Hi guys there are total 8 sources I have discussed 6 of them are tax exempted and 2 of them are confusing and we often confuse them with two of 6 exempted income elements. 1. Medical Allowance 2. House Rent allowance 3. Rent free accommodation ( Not Exempted ) 4. Transportation/ Conveyance Allowance 5. Conveyance facility and cash ( Not Exempted ) 6. Dividend 7. Income from Recognized Provident Fund 8. All income except certain income for Government employee To check the rate we must look into Income Tax Rules or Income Tax Manual 2. To know the latest update we must check financial act and SROs and sixth schedule part A. To understand the updates of rules: Focus if the sentence of Income Tax Manual contain excess words. If the sentence contains excess, this means the amount exceed x taka (Given money-exempted money) will be recorded. If the sentence doesn't contain excess, this means the amount x will be recorded. If you don't understand look at the example o...